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ـ ترجمه تحقیق درزیر آمده است ـ
:موضوع تحقیق
(مقاوم سازی)
This research Collected by Abbas Chahardooli.
Consistency
In Science enginering " Consistency " means , growing the Consist of a build aginst enterd powers . Today , use of this word for power earthquake . Scientifically , this word is not Complatly thrue word for it , because, we use of this word for betterment work of build Component aginst power earthquake , not surelly for growing the consist gainst power earthquake .
For this reason , word " makes good " – and Specialy for Power erthquake – the word erthquake makes good is a better word . How ever , to be union in this article wo use of Consistency as mean as earthquake makes good . As mentioned , Consistency use for buildings which were built .
Specialy , obserrance of basis Laws isnecessary for building that are making and Consistency hasnot Specific mean , So it is necessary to know , when we speak about Consistency , it is about old and new building , but it is not about the building yet not making .
Who must do Consistency ?
Which building need to Consistency ?
What is the approach of Consistency ?
How many it hase expense ?
How much the result of Consistency is Sureable ?
What is the result of governmental Consistency ?
Everybody think about these questions so it is my duty Go answer these question.
Scientificly and workingly , answers of these questions are think able . Scientificly , buildings which are not build according regulations of design building need to Consistency those are tow types :
1. The building which have designed before Prepration of regulation and at that time thereisno any regulation in the Country .
2. The building which in recent years have built , but engineers can’t do any thing because of Shortcoming of workers and ignorance of way of making , for this reason they don’t use of necessary industrial task , or because in villages there isn’t any tools , So they can’t use of industrial way in making . Scientificly , because of expensive, time and Performancing way we can’t Consist all these bailding , So we have to repair all buildings in the Country .
So mast limit the Consistency . we divide the building to four types :
1. The building which can’t transport their tools on the other hand affer earthquake they must keep their function Such as : treatment Centers , television and telephon Stations ,
2. The building which haven’t any Specifice Situations , but the are usefull as Services Centers after earthquake :
Some of the ware houses , mosque , schools , managermer Centers , …
3. The building which are not important after or next earthquake . , but after earthquake they have many harms : general Centers Stadums , towers ,…
4. The general building : houses , official building , general and business building , …..
The importance and need of Consistency reduce from 1 to 4 .
The group 1 and 2 is government’s duty , group 3 is divided between people and government and group 4 is people’s duty.
It is important that group 1 and 2 haven’t direct affect in reduce harms of earthquake , but group 3 , 4 have direct affect in reduce harms of earthquake . Because of high expens and time Consuming of group 3 , 4 goverment don’t Pay a Hention oh these groups . So Consistency of group 1 , 2 is people’s duty .
Approach and expense of Consistency
Planing managemet Organization Cooperate with engineering university Go write a direction as " earthquakely recuperation direction " , at Present it is jvst reference of Consistency in our Country . Unfortunatly , the approach of this direction for experts Complatly is unknown , and different Centers are not agree with to gether about way of use it , So experts use of it according their things . However , management organization try to learn the direction to experts . There is no any Consistency experiments for Personal building . but refer to which exports do that direction is useful .
Process of Consistency :
1. First , inspest building and doing quanlity and first evaluation .
2. Complat inspect and quantity study : in this stage identify the need of Consistency .
3.indicat the model of Consistency : after quality study identify the model as direction .
4. Play the Consistency model : at this stage maybe empty Parts of building . In Personal building Complate empty depend on type of building , number of flat , … . Expense of Consistency has three Parts : 1. expens of 1,2 Processec that is as expensive as Planing again building .
2. 3 Process expense , depend on type of building and type of Consistency and maybe more than Planing building expense .
3. Play expense
: Complatly depend on Consistency model , but against building that are making . are very cheap .
How much the results of Consistency are safable ?
There is a Point that is the key of Problems , in our Country.
However , especially in general building Consistency is safe .
Because in these building aim is deliverance people . and rech to these aim is very easyer than to reach to aime of Consistency , that building are need to be alive during and after earthquake , That key is that , engineer , Contractors and workers don’t change , but why do Plining and Palying building are not safe ? but we can sure about Consistency ?
Answer is that , because the argument of Consistency is Scientific and new So , workers and Contractors never Pretend a bout that Skill experience , and real engineer can do it , and workers do that wich have necssery Skills , However in build building that is very important everybody can do it and we cansee the results .
